Origin
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Neuroepithelial cells [1]
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• Radial glia [11, 12]
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Neuroepithelial cells skipping the radial glia stage [13, 14]
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• Dlx2 (distal-less homeobox 2) [3]
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• Local glial progenitors [1]
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Location
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Ventricular zone [1]
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• Subventricular zone
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• Embryonic spinal cord [8]
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• Optic nerve [8]
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• Dorso-lateral subventricular zone
| | |
• Marginal zone [1, 11, 12]
| | |
Characteristics
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Multipotential cells [11, 12]
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• Multipotential cells
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Tripotential cells [8]
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• Bipotential cells O-2A, O-2A/OPC [8, 15]
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• Bipotential cells [3]
| | |
Roles
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• Progenitors for neurons and glial cells
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• Intermediate progenitors for astrocytes and oligodendrocytes [3]
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• Promote neuroprotection
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• Tumor genesis (oligoastrocytomas, multiform glioblastomas) [15]
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• Guidance of neuronal migration [11, 12]
| |
• Reduction of glial scar
| |
| |
• Formation and axonal growth [8]
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Type of resulting astrocytes
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• Star shaped specialised cortical astrocytes
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• Cortical astrocytes
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• Self-renewal
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• Astrocytes type 2 and oligodendrocytes (in vitro)
|
|
• White matter astrocytes
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• Astrocytes types 1, 2 and
| |
• Bergmann glia in the cerebellum [3, 16]
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• Oligodendrocytes [3]
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• Oligodendrocytes [8]
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• Oligodendrocytes (in vivo) [8, 15]
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